TINA Trade Research Project

Using the Trade Intelligence & Negotiation Adviser in International Trade Classes

Teaching
International Trade
TINA
Trade Policy
Active Learning
A classroom framework for guiding students from tariff theory to HS6 trade data, tariff simulation, and negotiation-oriented policy analysis.

From tariff theory to negotiation analysis

This page explains how students can use the Trade Intelligence & Negotiation Adviser, or TINA, to conduct a structured international trade research project in an international trade class.

The workflow guides students from trade theory to HS6 product-level data, from tariff schedules to simulation results, and from numerical output to policy-oriented negotiation priorities. Related coursebook activities and policy-brief exercises are available through the NREC4410 International Agricultural Trade course website.

Course context: NREC4410 International Trade
Course website: NREC4410 International Agricultural Trade Institution: Sultan Qaboos University
Project format: Group research report and oral presentation
Main tool: TINA: Trade Intelligence & Negotiation Adviser

TINA project workflow

Project focus

Students act as trade policy analysts. They select a bilateral trade relationship, examine product-level trade patterns, identify offensive interests, simulate tariff liberalization, and communicate negotiation recommendations.

Key elements:

  • HS6 product-level trade analysis
  • bilateral trade baseline
  • offensive product selection
  • tariff liberalization simulation
  • trade creation and trade diversion interpretation
  • policy-oriented negotiation priorities

Why TINA belongs in an international trade class

International trade courses often introduce tariffs, comparative advantage, trade creation, and trade diversion through models and diagrams. TINA helps students connect those concepts to actual trade policy work.

The purpose is not simply to teach students how to click through a platform. The purpose is to help them ask better policy questions:

  • Which products matter in a bilateral trade relationship?
  • Where does the home country have plausible export capacity?
  • Which tariff barriers are relevant for negotiation?
  • How should simulated trade creation and trade diversion be interpreted?
  • Which products deserve priority in a trade negotiation?

Teaching position: TINA is used here as an applied learning environment. It supports trade policy reasoning, but its simulation results should be interpreted cautiously. The exercise is a teaching framework, not a claim of causal learning gains.

What students learn

Theory to data

Students connect comparative advantage, tariffs, market access, and product concentration to observable HS6-level trade indicators.

Data to simulation

Students examine how tariff changes, baseline trade values, tariff exposure, and elasticity assumptions affect simulated trade outcomes.

Simulation to policy

Students translate trade creation, trade diversion, and tariff exposure into negotiation priorities and policy recommendations.

Project workflow

The assignment can be organized as a five-stage trade research project.

1. Build the bilateral trade baseline

Students select two countries and describe the structure of trade between them. They identify leading export and import products, product concentration, and asymmetries between the partners.

Suggested output: baseline trade table, top HS6 products, and short interpretation of trade structure.

2. Identify offensive products

Students construct a negotiation list using evidence of export capacity, partner demand, current tariffs, and revealed comparative advantage. The goal is to avoid mechanical product selection and require economic justification.

Suggested output: offensive product list with selection criteria.

3. Simulate tariff liberalization

Students use TINA to simulate tariff reduction or elimination for selected products. They must remember that the relevant tariff is the importing country’s tariff, not the exporting country’s tariff.

Suggested output: simulation table showing baseline trade, tariff, change in trade value, trade creation, and trade diversion where available.

4. Interpret trade creation and trade diversion

Students explain whether the simulated change reflects additional imports from the partner, reallocation away from third-country suppliers, or both. They also discuss the role of elasticities and baseline trade values.

Suggested output: interpretation paragraph for each priority product group.

5. Prepare negotiation-oriented recommendations

Students convert the simulation results into a concise policy message. They rank priority products, explain the economic logic, and state the limitations of the analysis.

Suggested output: final report, presentation slides, and reproducibility appendix.

Student deliverables

Students submit two main outputs.

Written trade policy report

The report should include the bilateral trade baseline, product selection logic, simulation outputs, interpretation, policy recommendations, and reproducibility notes.

Oral presentation

The presentation should communicate the main findings clearly, using tables, figures, and short policy-oriented conclusions.

Suggested report structure

  1. Introduction and country-pair justification
  2. Bilateral trade baseline
  3. Product selection method
  4. Tariff simulation scenario
  5. Simulation results
  6. Trade creation and trade diversion interpretation
  7. Negotiation priorities
  8. Limitations
  9. Reproducibility appendix

Suggested assessment rubric

Criterion Weight Evidence in student work
Correct use and documentation of TINA 20% Screenshots, exported tables, simulation settings, source notes
Baseline trade analysis 15% Accurate description of export and import structure at HS6 level
Product selection logic 15% Justified offensive list based on export capacity, partner demand, tariffs, and comparative advantage
Simulation interpretation 20% Correct explanation of trade creation, trade diversion, tariffs, and elasticities
Policy recommendations 15% Coherent negotiation priorities linked to simulation results
Presentation and communication 10% Clear visuals, concise explanation, and effective response to questions
Reproducibility appendix 5% Simulation date, data year, tariff scenario, elasticity settings, exported output

Example teaching case: Oman and India

The Oman and India trade relationship can be used as an applied classroom example because it allows students to examine asymmetry in bilateral trade structure.

Students may compare:

  • Oman’s potential export interests in the Indian market
  • India’s potential export interests in the Omani market
  • differences in product concentration
  • tariff exposure by product
  • simulated changes in trade values
  • trade creation and trade diversion effects
  • negotiation priorities for each side

The case should be presented as a teaching application, not as a full welfare evaluation of a trade agreement.

How students should interpret TINA output

Important cautions for students

TINA simulations are useful for applied interpretation, but they are not complete welfare estimates.

Students should explicitly state that the results may depend on:

  • baseline trade year
  • tariff data year
  • tariff reduction scenario
  • product selection filters
  • elasticity assumptions
  • missing trade or tariff data
  • treatment of third-country suppliers
  • partial equilibrium assumptions

Core limitation: TINA focuses on product-level partial equilibrium effects. It does not capture economy-wide feedback, factor reallocation, fiscal effects, exchange-rate adjustment, or long-run productivity effects.

Reproducibility checklist

Item What to document
Simulation date Date on which the TINA simulation was run
Baseline trade year Import data year selected in TINA
Tariff year Tariff data year or latest available tariff data used by TINA
Tariff scenario Full elimination, partial reduction, or staged liberalization
Product filters Export capacity, partner demand, tariff presence, RCA, or other filters
Elasticity settings Default or user-selected elasticity assumptions
Units US dollars, millions, percentages, or other units
Missing data Products excluded due to missing trade, tariff, or elasticity data
Exported output CSV files, screenshots, or appendix tables

Instructor use

This page can support several teaching formats:

  • undergraduate international trade project
  • WTO and trade policy simulation workshop
  • applied trade policy lab
  • active learning module for economics students
  • short professional training exercise on tariff negotiation analysis

Citation note

This teaching page is based on Dr. Osman Gulseven’s classroom framework for integrating the Trade Intelligence & Negotiation Adviser into undergraduate international trade teaching at Sultan Qaboos University.